A Bamboo Beam-Colum Connection Capable to Transmit Moment
R. Moran, J. Muñoz, H.F. Silva, J.J. García
Abstract. Guadua angustifolia Kunth (GAK) is the most common bamboo species in Colombia. As a material, it is well recognized for its high axial strength, lightness, low cost and tubular cross section. Therefore, it has a great structural potential. Additionally, it is an alternative to reduce the high pressure to the forest exploitation and the use of traditional materials. Despite its mechanical attributes, GAK connections are difficult to construct due to hollow cylindrical shape of the culms, the variations of shape and dimensions, and the low mechanical properties associated with the transverse directions. Hence, typical GAK connections are custom based constructed, usually by drilling the culms, which tends to induce the formation of longitudinal cracks. These connections are considered unable to transmit moment, which preclude using walls without diagonals for several types of applications. To overcome this problem, a new beam-column connection is presented that uses three steel angles and five pairs of thin light steel semi-rings, which can accommodate a range of culm sizes. Tests and finite element simulations of this connection have shown a consistent and improved performance when compared to traditional fish-mouth and grouted GAK connections. Strength and ductility of the proposed connection were 373% and 595% higher than those reported in other study for a connection composed of screw bars, plates, fish-mouth cuts, and injection with mortar.
Keywords
Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, Moment connections, Finite Element Method
Published online , 10 pages
Copyright © 2018 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: R. Moran, J. Muñoz, H.F. Silva, J.J. García, ‘A Bamboo Beam-Colum Connection Capable to Transmit Moment’, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 7, pp 35-44, 2018
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291838-5
The article was published as article 5 of the book Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies
References
[1] P. Laroque, Design of a low cost bamboo footbridge. Master Thesis, Massachusets: Massachusets Institute of Technology, 2007.
[2] G. Singh, Richa y M. Sharma, «Bamboo – A Miracle Plant,» International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology, vol. 4, nº 1, pp. 110-112, 2017. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrbp.2017.401.013
[3] J. Janssen, «Designing and building with bamboo. Inbar, Technical report No. 20,» INBAR, Eindhoven, 2000.
[4] P. Van der Lugt, A. Van den Dobbelsteen y J. Janssen, «An environmental, economics and practial assessment of bamboo as a building material for supporting structures,» Construction and Building Materials, pp. 648-656, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.02.023
[5] R. Dhillon y G. Wuehlisch, «Mitigation of global warming through renewable biomass,» Biomass and bioenergy, pp. 75-89, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.11.005
[6] H. Archila, M. Ansell y P. Walker, «Low carbon construction using Guadua bamboo in Colombia,» Key Engineering Materials, pp. 127-134, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.517.127
[7] J. Janssen, Bamboo in building structures. Doctoral dissertation, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, 1981.
[8] R. Moran, K. Weeb, K. Harries y J. García, «Edge bearing tests to assess the influence of radial gradation on the transverse behavior of bamboo,» Construction and Building Materials, pp. 574-584, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.106
[9] L. Villegas, R. Moran y J. García, «A new joint to assemble light structures of bamboo slats,» Construction and Building Materials, pp. 61-68, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.113
[10] K. Ghavami, C. Rodrigues y S. Paciomik, «Bamboo: funtionally graded composite material,» Asian journal of civil engineering (Building and housing), pp. 1-10, 2003.
[11] K. Ghavami y A. Marinho, «Propiedades físicas e mecánicas do colmo inteiro do bambu da espécie Guadua angustifólia,» Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, pp. 107-114, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662005000100016
[12] J. Robledo, Un siglo de bahareque en el antiguo Caldas, Texas: Ancora Editores, 1993.
[13] D. Salas, Actualidad y futuro de la arquitectura de bambú en Colombia. Tésis de doctorado, Barcelona: Universidad Politénica de Cataluña, 2006.
[14] AIS, Reglamento colombiano de Construcción Sismo Resistente NSR-10, Bogotá: AIS, 2010.
[15] O. Arce-Villalobos, Fundamentals of the design of bamboo structures. Doctoral dissertation, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, 1993.
[16] M. Vahanvati, «The Challenge of connecting bamboo,» de 10th World Bamboo Congress, Damyang, 2015.
[17] L. Moreira y K. Ghavami, «Limits states analysis for bamboo pin connections,» Key Engineering Materials, pp. 3-12, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.517.3
[18] K. Ghavami y L. Moreira, «Development of a new joint for bamboo space structures,» Transactions on the Built Environment, pp. 3-12, 1996.
[19] C. Davies, Bamboo connections, London: Bath University, 2008.
[20] International Standard Organization, «ISO 22156:2004 (E) Bamboo – Structural design,» ISO, Geneva, 2004.
[21] S. Andrade, F. Lamus y N. Torres, «Connections between a column and its foundation for Guadua angustifolia structures under lateral loads,» Key Engineering Materials, pp. 227-237, 2015. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.668.227
[22] C. Benitez, Comportamiento mecánico de culmos de Guadua angustifolia ajsutados con abrazaderas metálicas, Cali: Universidad del Valle, 2017, p. 75.
[23] R. Moran, C. Benitez, H. Silva y J. García, «Desing of steel connector for structural bamboo members,» de AMDM 2016 Terce Congreso Internacional Sobre Tecnologías Avanzadas de Mecatrónica, Diseño y Manufactura, Cali, 2016.
[24] R. Morán, J. Muñoz, H. Silva y J. García, «Conexiones resistentes a momento para culmos de Guadua angustifolia,» de VI Simposio Internacional del Bambú y la Guadua, Bogotá, 2016.
[25] E. Oberg, F. Jones, H. Horton y H. Ryfel, Machinery´s Handbook, New York: Industrial Press Inc., 1997.
[26] S. Maleki, A. Rostampsour, D. Mosayeb, M. Faezipour y M. Tajvidi, «Bending moment resistance of corner joints constructed with spline under diagonal tension and compression,» Journal of Forestry Research, vol. 23, nº 3, pp. 481-490, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0288-7
[27] A. Awaludin, Y. Sasaki, A. Oikawa y T. Hirai, «MOMENT RESISTING TIMBER JOINTS WITH HIGH STRENGTH STEEL DOWELS: NATURAL FIBER REINFORCEMENTS,» de WCTE World Conference on Timber Engineering, Riva del Garda, 2010.
[28] J. García, C. Rangel y K. Ghavami, «Experiments with rings to determine the anisotropoc elastic constants of bamboo,» Construction and building of materials, pp. 52-57, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.089
[29] F. Bruhl y U. Kuhlmann, «CONNECTION DUCTILITY IN TIMBER STRUCTURES,» de World Conference on Timber Engineering, Auckland, 2012.
[30] Eurocode 3, ENV 1993-1-1 Design of steel structures, United Kingdon: ENV, 1993.
[31] M. Richard y K. Harries, «On inherent bending in tension tests of bamboo,» Wood Science and Technology, vol. 49, nº 1, pp. 99-119, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-014-0681-9
[32] V. Camacho y I. Páez, Estudio de conexiones en guadua solicitadas a momento flector, Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2002.
