Probing Defects by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy
Mahuya Chakrabarti, Dirtha Sanyal
Positron annihilation technique is a well-known nuclear solid state probe to characterize structural defects in a material/nano material. Since the nano size materials often suffer from vacancy type or surface structural defects, they are interesting materials for the nanotechnology/nano-bio platform. The defects and the chemical nature of the defects can be probed by the positron annihilation techniques which are applicable to biochemical scaffold as they often deal with surface chemical reactions in the biological perspectives. The positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy, Doppler broadening (DB) spectroscopy and the coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) spectroscopy are the three useful positron annihilation techniques employed in different materials to characterize structural defects and that to understand the material itself in terms of its molecular organization. In the present article we will discuss the basics of the above three positron annihilation techniques and then by employing these techniques an important conclusion will be discussed in the field of wide band gap semiconductor oxide material, namely the “defect induced ferromagnetism”. The growth and engineering of metallic oxide nano particles are useful in medicinal applications. Ferromagnetic property is important in the application of nanoparticles in diverse fields like biomedicine, where intensive research is currently being conducted, at least on one diagnostic application of magnetic nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.
Keywords
Positron Annihilation Technique, Defects, Semiconductors, Bio-applications
Published online 7/1/2018, 22 pages
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291739-6
Part of the book on Nanomaterials in Bio-Medical Applications
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