Enhancement strategies for PCM based battery thermal management systems: A review
Abdelrahman GASMELSEED, Maryam Nooman ALMALLAHI, Mahmoud ELGENDI
Abstract. Efficient heat dissipation in lithium-ion batteries remains a key challenge limiting the wider global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Phase change material (PCM) Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) offer passive and uniform thermal control but suffer from low thermal conductivity. This review summarizes recent advances (2024-2025) in enhancing PCM based BTMSs through fins, nanocomposites, and metal foam configurations. The reviewed literature was identified using the Scopus database with targeted keywords related to PCM enhancement and battery thermal management. Reported improvements indicate temperature reductions of up to 21.2 °C and enhanced temperature uniformity under high discharge conditions. The review highlights comparative performance trends, identifies practical design trade-offs, and discusses emerging hybrid approaches. Unlike previous reviews, this study focuses exclusively on post-2024 developments, providing an updated synthesis and identifying future research directions for scalable, high-efficiency PCM BTMS designs.
Keywords
Electric Vehicles, Metal Foam, Battery Thermal Management Systems, Fins, Phase Change Materials
Published online 6/20/2026, 7 pages
Copyright © 2026 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: Abdelrahman GASMELSEED, Maryam Nooman ALMALLAHI, Mahmoud ELGENDI, Enhancement strategies for PCM based battery thermal management systems: A review, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 67, pp 124-130, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644904176-18
The article was published as article 18 of the book Climate Action and Sustainability
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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