An integrated product-service system approach for maximizing photovoltaic module lifespan and resource circularity
Dana ALHANBALI, Ibrahim SHABAN
Abstract. The acceleration of the global adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems brings the challenge of managing the enormous volume expected to be discarded by 2050. To cope with this issue, most management practices focus on material recycling, which is costly and delivers limited environmental benefits. This research explores alternative integrated Product- Service System (PSS)-Circular Economy (CE) models. These models aim to keep PV modules in extending the lifespan of PV modules by prioritizing reuse, repair, and refurbishment, aligning with the CE principles. This approach includes outlining conceptual frameworks, assessing economic and environmental impacts, and utilization of multi-criteria decision analysis ranking different CE options. The study also considers practical obstacles, such as design restrictions, cost barriers, and public hesitation toward refurbished equipment. Furthermore, it identifies the enabling conditions that could support adoption of the proposed PSS models. The results offer valuable guidance for industry and policymakers, demonstrating how PSS-based strategies can contribute to a more circular PV sector, achieving significant economic and environmental gains.
Keywords
Solar Photovoltaic Modules, End-of-Life Management, Circular Economy, Product-Service Systems, Resource Circularity
Published online 6/20/2026, 6 pages
Copyright © 2026 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: Dana ALHANBALI, Ibrahim SHABAN, An integrated product-service system approach for maximizing photovoltaic module lifespan and resource circularity, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 67, pp 984-989, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644904176-133
The article was published as article 133 of the book Climate Action and Sustainability
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
References
[1] Mahmoudi, S., Huda, N., & Behnia, M. (2020). Critical assessment of renewable energy waste generation in OECD countries: Decommissioned PV panels. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 164, 105145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105145.
[2] Rubino, A., Granata, G., Moscardini, E., Baldassari, L., Altimari, P., Toro, L., & Pagnanelli, F. (2020). Development and Techno-Economic Analysis of an Advanced Recycling Process for Photovoltaic Panels Enabling Polymer Separation and Recovery of Ag and Si. Energies, 13(24), 6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246690.
[3] Biyouki, Z. A., Zaman, A., Маринова, Д., Minunno, R., & Shayegan, M. A. (2024). Solar Photovoltaics Value Chain and End-of-Life Management Practices: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 16(16), 7038. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16167038
[4] Sun, S., Chipperfield, A. J., Kiaee, M., & Wills, R. G. A. (2018). Effects of market dynamics on the time-evolving price of second-life electric vehicle batteries. Journal of Energy Storage, 19, 41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2018.06.012.
[5] Insights into Regional Development. (2019). Insights into Regional Development. https://doi.org/10.9770/ird.
[6] Njoka, F., Thimo, L., & Agarwal, A. (2022). Evaluation of IoT-based remote monitoring systems for stand-alone solar PV installations in Kenya. Journal of Reliable Intelligent Environments, 9(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40860-022-00190-5
[7] Tsanakas, J. A., Heide, A. van der, Radavičius, T., Denafas, J., Lemaire, E., Wang, K., Poortmans, J., & Vörösházi, E. (2019). Towards a circular supply chain for PV modules: Review of today’s challenges in PV recycling, refurbishment and re‐certification. Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications, 28(6), 454. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3193
[8] Rai, V., & Beck, A. L. (2015). Public perceptions and information gaps in solar energy in Texas. Environmental Research Letters, 10(7), 74011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/7/074011
[9] Brenner, W., & Adamovic, N. (2019). Creating Sustainable Photovoltaics for Smart Cities. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3492241
[10] Gebhardt, P., Mülhöfer, G., Roth, A., & Philipp, D. (2021). Statistical analysis of 12 years of standardized accelerated aging in photovoltaic‐module certification tests. Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications, 29(12), 1252. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3450.
[11] Perdigones, A., Garcı́a, J. L., García, I., Baptista, F., & Mazarrón, F. R. (2023). Economic Feasibility of PV Mounting Structures on Industrial Roofs. Buildings, 13(11), 2834. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112834
[12] Frewer, L. J. (1998). Consumer Perceptions and Novel Food Acceptance. Outlook on Agriculture, 27(3), 153. https://doi.org/10.1177/003072709802700304
[13] Tao, M., Fthenakis, V., Ebin, B., Steenari, B., Butler, E., Sinha, P., Corkish, R., Wambach, K., & Simon, E. (2020). Major challenges and opportunities in silicon solar module recycling. Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications, 28(10), 1077. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3316
[14] Walzberg, J., Carpenter, A., & Heath, G. (2021). Role of the social factors in success of solar photovoltaic reuse and recycle programmes. Nature Energy, 6(9), 913. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-021-00888-5

