Phenolic Compounds Recovery from Palm Oil Sterilizer Condensate using Synergistic Formulation
Norela JUSOH, Norasikin OTHMAN, Shuhada A. IDRUS-SAIDI, Muhammad Abbas AHMAD ZAINI, Izzat Naim Shamsul KAHAR, Norul Fatiha Mohamed NOAH
Abstract. Palm oil sterilizer condensate (POSC) has been identified as a promising source of bioactive phenolic compounds (PCs), which are rich in antioxidant properties. In this study, a green synergistic extraction approach was employed to recover PCs from POSC. The POSC was first characterized to quantify its total phenolic content (TPC). The optimization and effects of key parameters including synergistic extractant concentration, agitation speed, and feed:organic phase ratio on the extraction PCs were evaluated. Additionally, the optimal condition for recovering PCs from the loaded organic phase were investigated by varying stripping agent concentration. The result revealed that POSC contains a high concentration of TPC, approximately 2500-4200 mg GAE/L. An extraction efficiency exceeding 93% was achieved using a synergistic mixture of 0.3/0.0024 M trioctylmethylammonium chloride (TOMAC)/ D2EHPA, an agitation speed of 240 rpm, and a feed:organic of 2.5. Furthermore, More than 98% of the extracted PCs were successfully recovered using 1/0.12 M NaOH/Na2CO3. These findings highlight the potential of POSC as a low-cost secondary source for PCs recovery and contribute to the valorization of palm oil mill waste through sustainable resource utilization.
Keywords
Phenolic Compounds, Palm Oil Sterilizer Condensate, Extractive Extraction, Green Synergistic Formulation, Recovery
Published online 1/15/2026, 8 pages
Copyright © 2026 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: Norela JUSOH, Norasikin OTHMAN, Shuhada A. IDRUS-SAIDI, Muhammad Abbas AHMAD ZAINI, Izzat Naim Shamsul KAHAR, Norul Fatiha Mohamed NOAH, Phenolic Compounds Recovery from Palm Oil Sterilizer Condensate using Synergistic Formulation, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 59, pp 130-137, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903957-17
The article was published as article 17 of the book Separation Technology
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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