–
Utilizing thermal imaging for non-destructive thermoformability assessment in vacuum-air pressure thermoforming of plastic-coated paperboards
AFSHARIANTORGHABEH Sanaz, KÄRKI Timo, LEMINEN Ville
download PDFAbstract. This study addressed the limitations of traditional post-production analyses in refining thermoforming operation by employing non-destructive, real-time thermal analysis, specifically employing thermal imaging. The focus was on assessing the thermoformability of plastic-coated paperboards, a recent area of interest in manufacturing. Three paperboards underwent vacuum and air pressure thermoforming, with continuous temperature monitoring. Findings revealed correlations between the temperature distributions, the thermal profiles, and the material shape formability. Direct analysis of the thermal images enabled accurate measurement of contact areas between the mold and material. Furthermore, temperature profiles were closely related to shape profiles, particularly concerning the depth, which might be due to exothermic response of the studied materials during the induced stretching process.
Keywords
Thermoforming, Thermoformability, Plastic-Coated Paperboard, Shape Conformability, Thermal Analysis
Published online 4/24/2024, 10 pages
Copyright © 2024 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: AFSHARIANTORGHABEH Sanaz, KÄRKI Timo, LEMINEN Ville, Utilizing thermal imaging for non-destructive thermoformability assessment in vacuum-air pressure thermoforming of plastic-coated paperboards, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 41, pp 2563-2572, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903131-282
The article was published as article 282 of the book Material Forming
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
References
[1] Matthews, S., Tanninen, P., Afshariantorghabeh, S., Toghyani, A., Leminen, V. and Varis, J., 2024, January. Geometrical evaluation of thermoformed bioplastic tray packages. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2989, No. 1). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0191920
[2] S. Afshariantorghabeh, T. Kärki, and V. Leminen, “Three‐dimensional forming of plastic‐coated fibre‐based materials using a thermoforming process,” Packaging Technology and Science, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 543–555, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2650
[3] Vishtal A. Formability of Paper and Its Improvement. Doctoral thesis. VTT; 2015.
[4] Afshariantorghabeh, S., Pesonen, A., Kärki, T. and Leminen, V., 2023. Effects of thermoforming operation and tooling on the thermoformability of plastic‐coated fibre‐based materials. Packaging Technology and Science, 36(10), pp.855-871. https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.2762
[5] Chrysochoos, A., Huon, V., Jourdan, F., Muracciole, J.M., Peyroux, R. and Wattrisse, B., 2010. Use of full‐field digital image correlation and infrared thermography measurements for the thermomechanical analysis of material behaviour. Strain, 46(1), pp.117-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.2009.00635.x
[6] Bagavathiappan, S., Lahiri, B.B., Saravanan, T., Philip, J. and Jayakumar, T., 2013. Infrared thermography for condition monitoring–A review. Infrared Physics & Technology, 60, pp.35-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2013.03.006
[7] Le Maoult, Y. and Schmidt, F., 2016. Infrared radiation applied to polymer processes. Heat Transfer in Polymer Composite Materials: Forming Processes, pp.385-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119116288.ch13
[8] Patil, J.P., Nandedkar, V., Mishra, S. and Saha, S.K., 2021. Transient thermal analysis of close pressure thermoforming process. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 62, pp.513-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.12.057
[9] Marchal, N., Ducloud, G., Agazzi, A. and Le Goff, R., 2023. Data-based model applied to thermoforming process control. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, pp.1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12404-y
[10] Afshariantorghabeh, S., Kärki, T. and Leminen, V., 2023. Thermoformability study of wood flour–HDPE composites with variations in wood content under vacuum forming. Heliyon, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22174
[11] C. Yi Wen, D. Xinying, T. Le Quan Ngoc, T. Long Bin, and T. Wern Sze, “IR-thermoforming window design via a thermal approach: For CFRTP and Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites,” Asian Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology (ASPEN 2022), 2022. doi:10.3850/978-981-18-6021-8_or-13-0026.html
[12] Hyll, C., 2012. Infrared Emittance of Paper: Method Development, Measurements and Application (Doctoral dissertation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology).
[13] Klein, P., 2022. Fundamentals of plastics thermoforming. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02392-7
[14] Arango-Restrepo, A., Rubi, J.M. and Pradhan, S., 2021. A Thermodynamic Framework for Stretching Processes in Fiber Materials. Frontiers in Physics, 9, p.642754. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2021.642754
[15] Zimin, B.A., Sventitskaya, V.E.E., Smirnov, I.V.E. and Sud’enkov, Y.V., 2018. Influence of strain rate on heat release under quasi-static stretching of metals. Experiment. Physics of the Solid State, 60, pp.758-763. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783418040352
[16] Paetow R, Rauhut M, Göttsching L. Strain behaviour of paper. Das Papier. 1991;45(6):287-296.