Perforation resistance of some materials in 3D printed parts

Perforation resistance of some materials in 3D printed parts

NICOLAU Mihaela, HRITUC Adelina, MIHALACHE Marius-Andrei, NAGÎT Gheorghe, DUȘA Petru, CRᾸCIUN Elisaveta, MUNTEANU Adriana, DODUN Oana, SLATINEANU Laurențiu

download PDF

Abstract. Sometimes, for various reasons, some parts manufactured by 3D printing need to have high perforation resistance. In such situations, it is necessary to know the perforation resistance values of the materials incorporated in the parts. In principle, conical tip penetrators are allowed to fall under their weight on the test sample material to be investigated, which allows the conical tip to penetrate and advance into the sample material. A finite element modeling allowed obtaining some information about the behavior of the material during the perforation action. Perforation resistance testing equipment has been designed to use conical tips and different heights from which the penetrator is released. Thus, it became possible to highlight the influence of some input factors in the testing process on the diameter of the hole generated by the penetrator in the thermoplastic polyurethane-type material of the test sample. As input factors, the weight of the penetrator, the drop height of the penetrator, and the thickness of the test sample were considered. The mathematical processing of the experimental results allowed the establishment of some empirical mathematical models, which highlight the influence exerted by the three input factors on the value of the considered output parameter. It was confirmed that as the penetrator weight and drop height increase, the diameter of the hole generated in the sample material increases. In contrast, the test sample thickness exerts the opposite effect.

Keywords
Perforation Resistance, Testing Equipment, 3D Printing, Finite Element Modeling, Experimental Test Empirical Mathematical Model

Published online 4/24/2024, 10 pages
Copyright © 2024 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA

Citation: NICOLAU Mihaela, HRITUC Adelina, MIHALACHE Marius-Andrei, NAGÎT Gheorghe, DUȘA Petru, CRᾸCIUN Elisaveta, MUNTEANU Adriana, DODUN Oana, SLATINEANU Laurențiu, Perforation resistance of some materials in 3D printed parts, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 41, pp 2514-2523, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903131-277

The article was published as article 277 of the book Material Forming

Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.

References
[1] T. Sprinkle, The 5 most important standards in additive manufacturing. Information on https://sn.astm.org/features/5-most-important-standards-additive-manufacturing-.html#:~:text=Although%20it%20has%20since%20been,is%20still%20in%20use%20today.
[2] J. Alcisto, A. Enriquez, H. Garcia, S. Hinkson, T. Steelman, E. Silverman, P. Valdovino, H. Gigerenzer, J. Foyos, J. Ogren, J. Dorey, K. Karg, T. McDonald, O.S. Es-Said, Tensile Properties and Microstructures of Laser-Formed Ti-6Al-4V, J. Mater. Eng. Perf. 20 (2011) 203–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-010-9670-9
[3] M. Mehrpouya, A. Vosooghnia, A. Dehghanghadikolaei, B. Fotovvati, The benefits of additive manufacturing for sustainable design and production, in: Sustainable Manufacturing. Elsevier, 2021, 29–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818115-7.00009-2
[4] P. P. Kruth, Material incress manufacturing by rapid prototyping techniques, CIRP Ann. Manuf. Tech., vol. 40, no. 2 (1991) 603–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61136-6
[5] K. V. Wong, A. Hernandez. A Review of Additive Manufacturing, ISRN Mechanical Engineering (2012) 208760. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/208760
[6] Information on https://www.materialseducation.org/educators/matedu-modules/docs/Materials_in_FDM.pdf
[7] A.D. Mazurchevici, D. Nedelcu, R. Popa, Additive manufacturing of composite materials by FDM technology: A review, Indian J. of Eng. & Mater. Sc., 27 (2020) 179-192
[8] Information on https://www.stratasys.com/en/stratasysdirect/technologies/3d-printing/fused-deposition-modeling/
[9] R., Melnikova1, A., Ehrmann1, K., Finsterbusch, 3D printing of textile-based structures by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) with different polymer materials, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 62 (2014) 012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/62/1/012018
[10] D.B. Sitotaw, D. Ahrendt, Y. Kyosev, A.K. Kabish, Additive Manufacturing and Textiles—State-of-the-Art, Applied Sciences, 10, no. 15 (2020) 5033. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155033
[11] Information on https://advanses.com/mechanical-testing-of-3d-printed-parts-and-materials/
[12] F. Lambiase, S.I. Scipioni, A. Paoletti, Mechanical characterization of FDM parts through instrumented flat indentation. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 125, (2023) 4201-4211. 10.1007/s00170-023-10992-3
[13] F. Alisafaei, C-S. Han, Indentation depth dependent mechanical behavior in polymers. Adv. Condens. Matter. Phys. (2015) 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/391579
[14] B. Riccardi, R. Montanari, Indentation of metals by a flat-ended cylindrical punch. Mater Sci Eng: A 381,(1–2) (2004) 281–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.041
[15] N.A. Nassir, R.S. Birch, W.J. Cantwell, Q.Y. Wang, LQ. Liu, Z.W. Guan, The perforation resistance of glass fiber reinforced PEKK composites. Polymer Testing 72 (2018) 423-431 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.11.007
[16] A. Liu, Y. Zhou, Y. Chen, J., Hu, B. Wang, Experimental investigation of impact resistance and compression behavior of CF/PEEK laminates after hot-press fusion repair with different stacking sequences. Polymer Composites (2023) 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27571
[17] C.F. Popa, T. Krausz, S.V. Galatanu, Numerical and experimental study for FDM printed specimens from PLA under IZOD impact tests, Mater. Today Proc., 78, 2 (2023) 326-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATPR.2022.11.501
[18] E.M. Keefe, J. A. Thomas, G. A. Buller, C. E. Banks, Textile additive manufacturing: An overview, Cogent Engineering, 9:1 (2022) 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2022.2048439
[19] Y. Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Ji, C.E., Banks, W., Zhang, Flower-like hydroxyapatite modified carbon paste electrodes applicable for highly sensitive detection of heavy metal ions. J. Mater. Chem., 21 (2011) 7552-7554. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm10949a
[20] Information on https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/18700/1/FullText.pdf
[21] G.H. Loh, A. Sotayo, E. Pei, Development and testing of material extrusion additive manufactured polymer–textile composites, Fash. Text. 8, 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00232-7
[22] Information on https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ir/2015/NIST.IR.8059.pdf
[23] S. Maidin, S. Ying Chong, T. Kung Heing, Z. Abdullah, R. Alkahari, Stab resistant analysis of body armour design features manufactured via fused deposition modelling process, in: F. Uddin (Ed), Textile Manufacturing Processes. IntechOpen, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86439.
[24] R. Ranjit, A primer on the Taguchi Method, 2nd edition, SME, 2010.
[25] G. Crețu, Fundamentals of experimental research. Laboratory handbook. “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania, 1992 (in Romanian).
[26] A.G. Worthing, J. Geffner, Processing the experimental data. Technical Publishing House, Bucharest, Romania, 1959 (in Romanian).