Advancements in Polymeric Denture Lining Materials
Ghazal Khan, Khumara Roghani, Nawshad Muhammad, Saad Liaqat, Muhammad Adnan Khan
Denture liners are elastomeric materials that are applied on the fitting surface of a partial or complete removable denture. They are mainly used to improve the fit of dentures and provide a cushioning effect, to relieve pain and discomfort of the patient. Denture liners are broadly categorized into three main groups (1) Soft liners (2) Tissue Conditioners and (3) Hardliners and can be either heat cured, light cured, or self-cured. Although these materials have advantageous properties each one of these has its disadvantages as well. Therefore, the selection of material for a specific condition is of great importance and depends on the properties of the selected material. In this chapter, we will discuss the different types of denture liners, their clinical application, properties, limitations, and recent advances in these denture liners.
Keywords
Soft Denture Liner, Tissue Conditioner, Adhesion, Denture Stomatitis
Published online 4/20/2022, 20 pages
Citation: Ghazal Khan, Khumara Roghani, Nawshad Muhammad, Saad Liaqat, Muhammad Adnan Khan, Advancements in Polymeric Denture Lining Materials, Materials Research Foundations, Vol. 123, pp 175-194, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901892-7
Part of the book on Applications of Polymers in Surgery
References
[1] The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms: Ninth Edition, J Prosthet Dent. 117(5s) (2017) e1-e105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.12.001
[2] L.T. Garcia, J.D. Jones, Soft liners, Dent. Clin. N. A. 48(3) (2004) 709-20, vii. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2004.03.001
[3] M.I. Hashem, Advances in Soft Denture Liners: An Update, J. Contemp. Dent. Pract. 16(4) (2015) 314-8. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1682
[4] A. Nowakowska-Toporowska, Z. Raszewski, W. Wieckiewicz, Color change of soft silicone relining materials after storage in artificial saliva, J Prosthet Dent. 115(3) (2016) 377-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.08.022
[5] A. Naeem, Int. Multidiscip. Res. J. www.allsubjectjournal.com, 2015.
[6] H.-S. Cha, B. Yu, Y.-K. Lee, Changes in stress relaxation property and softness of soft denture lining materials after cyclic loading, Dent. Mater. J. 27(3) (2011) 291-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2010.11.004
[7] A.M. Dimiou, K. Michalakis, A. Pissiotis, Influence of thickness increase of intraoral autopolymerizing hard denture base liners on the temperature rise during the polymerization process, J Prosthet Dent. 111(6) (2014) 512-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.07.021
[8] Y. Tanimoto, H. Saeki, S. Kimoto, T. Nishiwaki, N. Nishiyama, Evaluation of adhesive properties of three resilient denture liners by the modified peel test method, Acta Biomater. 5(2) (2009) 764-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.08.021
[9] W.J. O’Brien, quintpub, www.quintpub.com, 2002.
[10] H. Murata, T. Hamada, S. Sadamori, Relationship between viscoelastic properties of soft denture liners and clinical efficacy, Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 44 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdsr.2008.06.001
[11] D.K. Ayappa, jpsr, https://www.jpsr.pharmainfo.in, 2019.
[12] A. Harrison, Temporary soft lining materials. A review of their uses, Br. Dent. J. 151(12) (1981) 419-22. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4804726
[13] S. Kreve, A.C. Dos Reis, Denture Liners: A Systematic Review Relative to Adhesion and Mechanical Properties, Sci. World J. (2019) 6913080. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6913080
[14] B.T. Léon, A.A.D.B. Cury, R. Garcia, Loss of residual monomer from resilient lining materials processed by different methods, 2008.
[15] T. Ohkubo, M. Oizumi, T. Kobayashi, Influence of methylmercaptan on the bonding strength of autopolymerizing reline resins to a heat-polymerized denture base resin, Dent. Mater. J. 28(4) (2009) 426-432. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.28.426
[16] W. Santawisuk, W. Kanchanavasita, C. Sirisinha, C. Harnirattisai, Dynamic viscoelastic properties of experimental silicone soft lining materials, Dent. Mater. J. (2010) 1007120040-1007120040. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2009-126
[17] J.M.F.K. Takahashi, R.L.X. Consani, G.E.P. Henriques, M.A. de Arruda Nóbilo, M.F. Mesquita, Effect of Accelerated Aging on Permanent Deformation and Tensile Bond Strength of Autopolymerizing Soft Denture Liners, J Prosthodont. 20(3) (2011) 200-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2010.00679.x
[18] E.B. Moffa, E.T. Giampaolo, F.E. Izumida, A.C. Pavarina, A.L. Machado, C.E. Vergani, Colour stability of relined dentures after chemical disinfection. A randomised clinical trial, J. Dent. 39 (2011) e65-e71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2011.10.008
[19] F.E. Izumida, J.H. Jorge, R.C. Ribeiro, A.C. Pavarina, E.B. Moffa, E.T. Giampaolo, Surface roughness and Candida albicans biofilm formation on a reline resin after long-term chemical disinfection and toothbrushing, J Prosthet Dent. 112(6) (2014) 1523-1529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.06.001
[20] F. Valentini, M.S. Luz, N. Boscato, T. Pereira-Cenci, Surface Roughness Changes in Denture Liners in Denture Stomatitis Patients, Int J Prosthodont. 30(6) (2017) 561-564. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.5108
[21] H.J. Raval, N. Mahajan, Y.G. Naveen, R. Sethuraman, A Three Month Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Different Surface Treatment Agents on the Surface Integrity and Softness of Acrylic based Soft Liner: An In vivo Study, J. Clin. Diagnostic Res. 11(9) (2017) Zc88-zc91. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/28604.10680
[22] A. Ogawa, S. Kimoto, H. Saeki, M. Ono, N. Furuse, Y. Kawai, The influence of patient characteristics on acrylic-based resilient denture liners embedded in maxillary complete dentures, J. Prosthodont. Res. 60(3) (2016) 199-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2015.12.001
[23] K. Singh, P. Chand, B.P. Singh, C.B. Patel, Study of the effect of surface treatment on the long term effectiveness of tissue conditioner, J. Oral Sci. 52(2) (2010) 261-5. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.52.261
[24] H.S. Malmström, N. Mehta, R. Sanchez, M.E. Moss, The effect of two different coatings on the surface integrity and softness of a tissue conditioner, J Prosthet Dent. 87(2) (2002) 153-7. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2002.121407
[25] K.B. Shylesh, R.B. Hallikerimath, V.V. Rajeev, S. Ganesh, S. Meenakshi, Evaluation of Physical Properties of Tissue Conditioning Materials as used in Functional Impression – A Lab Study, J Int Oral Health. 5(3) (2013) 20-7.
[26] R. Osathananda, C. Wiwatwarrapan, Surface treatment with methyl formate-methyl acetate increased the shear bond strength between reline resins and denture base resin, Gerodontology 33(2) (2016) 147-54. https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.12120
[27] T. Maeda, G. Hong, S. Sadamori, T. Hamada, Y. Akagawa, Durability of peel bond of resilient denture liners to acrylic denture base resin, J. Prosthodont. Res. 56(2) (2012) 136-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2011.05.001
[28] G. Muralidhar, C.L. Satish Babu, S. Shetty, Integrity of the interface between denture base and soft liner: a scanning electron microscopic study, J. Indian Prosthodont. Soc. 12(2) (2012) 72-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13191-011-0111-8
[29] L.V. Lassila, M.M. Mutluay, A. Tezvergil-Mutluay, P.K. Vallittu, Bond strength of soft liners to fiber-reinforced denture-base resin, J Prosthodont. 19(8) (2010) 620-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2010.00642.x
[30] J.H. Kim, H.C. Choe, M.K. Son, Evaluation of adhesion of reline resins to the thermoplastic denture base resin for non-metal clasp denture, Dent Mater J. 33(1) (2014) 32-8. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2013-121
[31] B.J. Kim, H.S. Yang, M.G. Chun, Y.J. Park, Shore hardness and tensile bond strength of long-term soft denture lining materials, J Prosthet Dent. 112(5) (2014) 1289-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.04.018
[32] Y.W. Cavalcanti, M.M. Bertolini, A.A. Cury, W.J. da Silva, The effect of poly(methyl methacrylate) surface treatments on the adhesion of silicone-based resilient denture liners, J Prosthet Dent. 112(6) (2014) 1539-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.07.031
[33] A. Usumez, O. Inan, F. Aykent, Bond strength of a silicone lining material to alumina-abraded and lased denture resin, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 71(1) (2004) 196-200. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.30078
[34] M. Kazanji, A. Al-Ali, Z. Ahmad, Water absorption and solubility of coated and non-coated silicone-based permanent soft liner, (2010).
[35] I. Hayakawa, N. Akiba, E. Keh, Y. Kasuga, Physical properties of a new denture lining material containing a fluoroalkyl methacrylate polymer, J Prosthet Dent. 96(1) (2006) 53-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.05.012
[36] M.X. Pisani, V.M.F. Leite, M.M. Badaró, A.d.L. Malheiros-Segundo, H.d.F.d.O. Paranhos, C.H.L.d. Silva, Soft denture liners and sodium perborate: sorption, solubility and color change, Braz. J. Oral Sci. 14 (2015) 219-223. https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-3225v14n3a09
[37] B. Dorocka-Bobkowska, D. Medynski, M. Prylinski, Recent advances in tissue conditioners for prosthetic treatment: A review, Adv Clin Exp Med. 26(4) (2017) 723-728. https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/62634
[38] M.G. Waters, R.G. Jagger, R.W. Winter, Water absorption of (RTV) silicone denture soft lining material, J Dent. 24(1-2) (1996) 105-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(95)00032-1
[39] Y. Kasuga, N. Akiba, S. Minakuchi, T. Uchida, N. Matsushita, M. Hishimoto, I. Hayakawa, Development of soft denture lining materials containing fluorinated monomers, Nihon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai zasshi 52(2) (2008) 183-8. https://doi.org/10.2186/jjps.52.183
[40] S. Sudhapalli, Time Dependent Effect of a Denture Cleanser on the Sorption and Solubility of Four Soft Liners-An Invitro Study, J. clin. diagn. res. (2016) ZC100-ZC103. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/16952.7682
[41] P. Imirzalioglu, O. Karacaer, B. Yilmaz, I. Ozmen Msc, Color stability of denture acrylic resins and a soft lining material against tea, coffee, and nicotine, J. Prosthodont. 19(2) (2010) 118-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2009.00535.x
[42] G. Ergun, I.C. Nagas, Color stability of silicone or acrylic denture liners: an in vitro investigation, Eur J Dent 1(3) (2007) 144-151. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698330
[43] S. Oguz, M.M. Mutluay, O.M. Dogan, B. Bek, uuml, lent, Color Change Evaluation of Denture Soft Lining Materials in Coffee and Tea, Dent. Mater. J. 26(2) (2007) 209-216. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.26.209
[44] H. Nikawa, T. Yamamoto, T. Hamada, Effect of components of resilient denture-lining materials on the growth, acid production and colonization of Candida albicans, J. Oral. Rehabil. 22(11) (1995) 817-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1995.tb00228.x
[45] T. Baygar, A. Ugur, N. Sarac, U. Balci, G. Ergun, Functional denture soft liner with antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, J. Dent. Sci. 13(3) (2018) 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2017.10.002
[46] C. Fan, L. Chu, H.R. Rawls, B.K. Norling, H.L. Cardenas, K. Whang, Development of an antimicrobial resin–a pilot study, Dent. Mater. J. 27(4) (2011) 322-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2010.11.008
[47] G. Chladek, I. Barszczewska-Rybarek, J. Lukaszczyk, Developing the procedure of modifying the denture soft liner by silver nanoparticles, Acta Bioeng Biomech. 14(1) (2012) 23-9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14010563
[48] S. Rodrigues, V. Shenoy, T. Shetty, Resilient liners: a review, J. Indian Prosthodont. Soc. 13(3) (2013) 155-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13191-012-0143-8
[49] A.W.G.W. John F. McCabe, Applied Dental Materials Ninth Edition, (2008).
[50] M.B. S. Parker, The effect of particle size on the gelation of tissue conditioners, Biomaterials 22 (2001) 2039-2042. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(00)00391-4
[51] M.I. Hashem, Advances in Soft Denture Liner: An Update, J Contemp Dent Pract. 16(4) (2015) 314-318. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1682
[52] H.S. Abbas Monzavi, Mohammad Atai, Marzieh Alikhasi, Vahieh Nazzari, Sadigheh Shiekhzadeh, Comparative Evaluation of Physical Properties of Four Tissue Conditioners Relined To Modeling Plastic Material, J. Dent. 10(6) (2013) 506-515.
[53] T.H. H. MURATA, HARSHINI, K. TOKI & H. NIKAWA, Effect of addition of ethyl alcohol on gelation and viscoelasticity of tissue conditioner, J. Oral Rehabil. 28 (2008) 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00638.x
[54] H. Murata, M. Kawamura, T. Hamada, S. Saleh, U. Kresnoadi, K. Toki, Dimensional stability and weight changes of tissue conditioners, J. Oral Rehabil. 28(10) (2001) 918-23. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00736.x
[55] H. Murata, T. Hamada, E. Djulaeha, H. Nikawa, Rheology of tissue conditioners, J Prosthet Dent . 79(2) (1998) 188-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(98)70215-X
[56] N.L. Jacobsen, D.L. Mitchell, D.L. Johnson, R.A. Holt, Lased and sandblasted denture base surface preparations affecting resilient liner bonding, J Prosthet Dent . 78(2) (1997) 153-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70119-7
[57] D.W. Jones, E.J. Sutow, B.S. Graham, E.L. Milne, D.E. Johnston, Influence of Plasticizer on Soft Polymer Gelation, J. Dent. Res. 65(5) (1986) 634-642. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345860650050101
[58] F.N. Sampaio, J.R. Pinto, C.P. Turssi, R.T. Basting, Effect of sealant application and thermal cycling on bond strength of tissue conditioners to acrylic resin, Braz. Dent. J. 24(3) (2013) 247-52. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302118
[59] W. Więckiewicz, J. Kasperski, M. Więckiewicz, M. Miernik, W. Król, The adhesion of modern soft relining materials to acrylic dentures, Adv Clin Exp Med. 23(4) (2014) 621-5. https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/37242
[60] G.L. Polyzois, M.J. Frangou, Influence of curing method, sealer, and water storage on the hardness of a soft lining material over time, J Prosthodont. 10(1) (2001) 42-5. https://doi.org/10.1053/jpro.2001.23546
[61] C.A. Chaves, A.L. Machado, C.E. Vergani, R.F. de Souza, E.T. Giampaolo, Cytotoxicity of denture base and hard chairside reline materials: a systematic review, J Prosthet Dent. 107(2) (2012) 114-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(12)60037-7
[62] N. Chopde, A. Pharande, M.N. Khade, Y.R. Khadtare, S.S. Shah, A. Apratim, In vitro antifungal activity of two tissue conditioners combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole against Candida albicans, J. Contemp. Dent. Pract. 13(5) (2012) 695-8. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1211
[63] N. Okita, A. Hensten-Pettersen, In vitro cytotoxicity of tissue conditioners, J Prosthet Dent. 66(5) (1991) 656-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(91)90448-6
[64] H. Murata, H. Chimori, T. Hamada, J.F. McCabe, Viscoelasticity of dental tissue conditioners during the sol-gel transition, J Dent Res. 84(4) (2005) 376-81. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400416
[65] M. Nishijima, Y. Hashimoto, M. Nakamura, Cytocompatibility of new phthalate ester-free tissue conditioners in vitro, Dent Mater J. 21(2) (2002) 118-32. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.21.118
[66] C.K. Chow, D.W. Matear, H.P. Lawrence, Efficacy of antifungal agents in tissue conditioners in treating candidiasis, Gerodontology. 16(2) (1999) 110-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.1999.00110.x
[67] M.E. Brosky, I.J. Pesun, B. Morrison, J.S. Hodges, J.H. Lai, W. Liljemark, Clinical evaluation of resilient denture liners. Part 2: Candida count and speciation, J Prosthodont. 12(3) (2003) 162-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1059-941X(03)00041-X
[68] M. Radnai, R. Whiley, T. Friel, P.S. Wright, Effect of antifungal gels incorporated into a tissue conditioning material on the growth of Candida albicans, Gerodontology. 27(4) (2010) 292-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00337.x
[69] woodside denture centre, What are Denture Relines?, 2018, Oct 1. https://woodsidedenturecentre.com/what-are-denture-relines/.
[70] S. Eissa, D. Zaki, A. Elboraey, A.R. Moussa, Viscoelastic properties of hard and soft denture base reline materials, Int. J. Adv. (2018).
[71] M. Lau, G.S. Amarnath, B.C. Muddugangadhar, M.U. Swetha, K.A.A.K. Das, Tensile and shear bond strength of hard and soft denture relining materials to the conventional heat cured acrylic denture base resin: An In-vitro study, J Int Oral Health . 6(2) (2014) 55-61.
[72] A. Atay, V. Bozok Çetintaş, E. Cal, B. Kosova, A. Kesercioglu, P. Guneri, Cytotoxicity of hard and soft denture lining materials, Dent. Mater. J. 31 (2012) 1082-6. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2012-209
[73] d.a.i. br, What to Know About Denture Relines, 2019, Jun 3. https://www.denturesandimplantsbr.com/what-to-know-about-denture-relines.
[74] G. Chladek, J. Zmudzki, J. Kasperski, Long-Term Soft Denture Lining Materials, Materials .7(8) (2014) 5816-5842. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma7085816
[75] B.-K. Lee, S.-H. Park, C.-H. Lee, J.-H. Cho, Implant overdenture impressions using a dynamic impression concept, J Adv Prosthodont. 6(1) (2014) 66. https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2014.6.1.66