Production of Single Cell Protein from Date Waste
Mohamed Al-Farsi, Alaa Al Bakir, Hassan Al Marzouqi, Rejoo Thomas
download PDFAbstract. This study aimed to utilize the waste of date’s industry to produce single cell protein. Five fungal strains were evaluated and the production conditions were optimized. A. oryzae was selected as the optimum strain due to its vigorous growth and high protein production. Ammonium sulfate at 0.8% was the best source of nitrogen for the selected strain, pH at 5.5 and the medium ratio of 75 g in 250 ml flask were the best for growth. The single cell protein produced has a good source of nutrition, as the ratio of essential to the total amino acids was 46%. These results benefit establishing large-scale production to produce single cell protein from date’s waste which creates a source of income to this sector and prevent pollution from such waste.
Keywords
single cell protein, date’s waste, fungal strains, protein, amino acids
Published online 4/20/2019, 11 pages
Copyright © 2019 by the author(s)
Published under license by Materials Research Forum LLC., Millersville PA, USA
Citation: Mohamed Al-Farsi, Alaa Al Bakir, Hassan Al Marzouqi, Rejoo Thomas, Production of Single Cell Protein from Date Waste, Materials Research Proceedings, Vol. 11, pp 303-312, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644900178-26
The article was published as article 26 of the book By-Products of Palm Trees and Their Applications
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
References
[1] M.J. Asad , M. Asghan, M. Yaqub, K. Shahzad, Production of single cell protein delignified corn cob by Arachniotus species, Pak. J. of Agric. Sci. 37 (2000) 3-4.
[2] P. Jamel, M.Z. Alam, N. Umi, Media optimization for bio proteins production from cheaper carbon source, J. of Engi. Sci. and Techno. 3-2 (2008) 124-130.
[3] A. Mondal, S. Sengupta, J. Bhowal, D. Bhattacharya, Utilization of fruit wastes in producing single cell protein, International Journal of Science Environment & Technology, 1-5 (2012) 430-438.
[4] A.T. Nasseri S. Rasoul-Amini, M.H. Morowvat, Ghasemi, Single cell protein: Production and process, Ame. J. Food Technol. 6 (2011) 103-116. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2011.103.116
[5] N.M. Nigam, Cultivation of Candida langeronii in sugarcane bagasse hemi cellulose hydrolysate for the production of single cell protein, W.J.Microbiol and biotechnol. 16 (2000) 367- 372.
[6] H. Tipparat, A.H. Kittikun, Optimization of single cell protein production from cassava starch using Schwanniomyces castellii, W.J. Microbiol. & Biotechnol. 11 (1995) 607-609. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00360999
[7] S.A.A. Abou Hamed, Bioconversion of wheat straw by yeast into single cell protein, Egypt, J. Microbiol. 28-1 (1993) 1-9.
[8] P.M.A. Saquido, V.A. Cayabyab, F.R. Vyenco, Bioconversion of banana waste into single cell protein, J. Applied Microbiol. & Biotechnol. 5-3 (1981) 321-326.
[9] G. Zhao, W. Zhang, G. Zhang, Production of single cell protein using waste capsicum powder produced during capsanthin extraction, Lett Appl Microbiol. 50 (2010) 187-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02773.x
[10] M.E. Smith, A.T. Bull, Protein and other compositional analysis of Saccharomyces fragilis grown on coconut water waste, J. Applied Bacteriol. 41 (1976) 97-107.
[11] M. Al-Farsi, C. Alasalvar, M. Al-Abid, K. Al-Shoaily, M. Al-Amry and F. Al-Rawahy, Compositional and functional characteristics of dates, syrups and their by-products, Food Chem. 104(2007) 943-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.051
[12] Al Barakah Date Company, Al Barakah Dates (2016): www.albarakahdatesfactory.com, accessed 11th March 2019.
[13] M.A. Shahzad, M. Rajok, Single cell protein production from Aspergillus terreus and its evaluation in broiler chicks, Int. J. Biosci. Biochem. Bioinform. 1 (2011) 137-141. https://doi.org/10.7763/ijbbb.2011.v1.25
[14] D. Dhanasekaran, S. Lawanya, S. Saha, N. Thajuddin and A. Panneerselvam, Production of single cell protein from pineapple waste using yeast, Innovative Romanian Food Biotechnol. 8 (2011) 26-32.
[15] D.N. Kamara, F. Zadrazil, Microbiological improvement of lignocellulosic in animal feed production: Rrview. Elsevier, Essex, UK (1988) 56-63.
[16] EU., The official European union regulation no. 152/2009. Official Journal of the European Union (2009) 23-31.
[17] B. Jin, H.J. Van Leeuwen, B. Patel, Q. Yu, Utilization of starch processing wastewater for production of microbial biomass protein and fungal alph-amylase by Aspergillus Oryzae. Bioresource Technology 66 (1998) 201-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(98)00060-1
[18] R. Ravinder, L. Venkateshwar, P. Ravindra , Studies on Aspergillus oryzae Mutants for the Production of Single Cell Proteins from Deoiled Rice Bran. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 41-3 (2003) 243-246.
[19] M. Rao, A. Varma, S. Deshmukh, Production of single cell protein, essential amino acids and xylanase by Penicillium janthinellum. BioResource 5 (2010) 2470-2477.
[20] Z. Ahangi, S.A. Shojaosadati, H. Nikoopour, Study of mycoprotein production using Fusarium oxysporum PTCC 5115 and reduction of its RNA content, Pakistan. J. Nutr.7 (2008) 240-243. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2008.240.243
[21] R. Ravinder, L. Venkateshwar Rao, P. Ravindra, Production of SCP from de-oiled rice bran, Food Technol. Biotechnol. 41 (2003) 243–246.
[22] M.K. Yousufi, Impact of pH on the single cell protein produced on okara-wheat grit substrates using Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus Oryzae, J. Envir. Sci. Tox. Food Tech 1-2 (2012) 32-35. https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-0123235
[23] J. Khanifar, H. Ghoorchian, A.R. Ahmadi, R. Hajihosaini, Comparison of essential and non essential amino acids in the single cell protein of white rot fungi from wheat straw, Afri. J Agri. Rese. 6-17 (2012) 3994-3999.
[24] Anupama, P. Ravindra, Value-added food: Single Cell Protein. Biotechnol. Advances 18 (2000) 459-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0734-9750(00)00045-8