Application of Functional Metal Nanoparticles for Biomarker Detection

Application of Functional Metal Nanoparticles for Biomarker Detection

Goutam Ghosh

Recent advances in metal nanoparticles (mNPs), such as gold and silver nanoparticles, based biosensor technology for biomarkers detection have been reviewed. The localized surface plasmon resonance signal appearing from the surface of mNPs upon irradiation of light provides the immense scope of improving the sensitivity and lowering of the detection limit of biosensors. Moreover, mNPs have advantages such as biocompatibility, functional flexibility and large surface-to-volume ratio. The interaction of functional nanoparticles with the cell membrane and their subsequent internalization into the cell play an important role in the imaging of diseased cells/tissues. Several factors such as surface functionalization, size and shape of nanoparticles influence these processes. Recent reports indicate that non-spherical nanoparticles such as nanorods have a better yield than spherical ones for cellular uptake, longer blood circulation time, and higher catalytic activity. Potential toxicity of mNPs in an in vivo application has also been reviewed.

Keywords
Metal Nanoparticles, Biosensors, Biomarkers, Cancer Detection, Toxicity

Published online 3/25/2019, 30 pages

Citation: Goutam Ghosh, Application of Functional Metal Nanoparticles for Biomarker Detection, Materials Research Foundations, Vol. 47, pp 77-130, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644900130-3

Part of the book on Biosensors

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